The suprachiasmatic route exposed the gyrus recti, interhemispheric fissure, anterior cerebral artery complex, the lamina terminalis, and through this structure the anterior recess of the third ventricle. 
In non-placental mammals, the neocortical commissural fibers cross the midline together with the anterior and possibly the hippocampal commissure, across the lamina reuniens (joining plate) in the upper part of the lamina terminalis.
The extended amygdala is rich in AT(1) receptors and ablation of these regions has been shown to reduce sodium appetite; therefore, neurons in these sites, and to a lesser extent the lamina terminalis, are likely primary targets of an inhibitory mechanism arising from the LPBN that acts to modulate sodium appetite..
Following a brief historical perspective on the origin of aneurysm surgery, the topics discussed include the timing of surgical intervention after aSAH, commonly used surgical approaches and craniotomies, fenestration of the lamina terminalis, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, intraoperative digital subtraction and fluorescent angiography, temporary clipping, deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, management of acute hydrocephalus, cerebral revascularization, and novel clip configurations and microsurgical techniques.
For tumors with extension into the retrochiasmatic space, the authors use the translamina terminalis corridor via the transbasal subfrontal approach. Although the lamina terminalis can be accessed via anterolateral approaches (pterional or orbitozygomatic), the surgical view of the optic chiasm is oblique and prevents adequate visualization of the ipsilateral wall of the third ventricle. The transbasal subfrontal approach, on the other hand, offers the major advantage of direct midline orientation and access to the third ventricle through the lamina terminalis. In this report, the authors describe the transbasal subfrontal translamina terminalis approach, with specific emphasis on technical surgical nuances in removing retrochiasmatic craniopharyngiomas.
The present study demonstrates that NSCs derived from two astrogliogenic CVOs, the median eminence and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis of the nestin-GFP mouse, possess the potential to integrate into the SVZ and differentiate into cells with a neuronal phenotype.
Abstract Developmental exposure to the agricultural fungicide vinclozolin can impair reproductive function in male rabbits and was previously found to decrease the number of immunoreactive-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (ir-GnRH) neurons in the region of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and rostral preoptic area (rPOA) by postnatal week (PNW) 6.
In the present study, we revealed that icv administered relaxin-3 induced dense Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) in the rat hypothalamus and circumventricular organs including the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, the median preoptic nucleus, supraoptic nucleus (SON), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), that are related to the central regulation of body fluid balance.
It also increased the number of cells with positive c-Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-Ir) in the lamina terminalis and in the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (parvocellular, PVNp) nucleus in these strains. After WD-PR, the Fos-Ir persisted elevated in the lamina terminalis of all strains, but notably in the subfornical organ of the SHR.
In this immunohistochemical study of rat brain, AQP1 has also been found in microvessel endothelia, probably of the fenestrated type, in all circumventricular organs (except the subcommissural organ and the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis): in the median eminence, pineal, subfornical organ, area postrema and choroid plexus.
METHODS: One hundred patients with 46 craniopharyngiomas, 12 hypothalamic gliomas, 12 meningiomas, 6 hypothalamic hamartomas, and 24 other lesions were operated on using an anterior interhemispheric approach with or without opening of the lamina terminalis. CONCLUSION: The minimally invasive anterior interhemispheric approach, with or without opening of the lamina terminalis, is useful for removal of tumors in and around the anterior third ventricle, such as craniopharyngiomas and hypothalamic gliomas..
Using this panic model, we previously showed that inhibiting the anterior third ventricle region (A3Vr; containing the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, the median preoptic nucleus, and anteroventral periventricular nucleus) attenuates cardiorespiratory and behavioral responses elicited by i.v.
The lamina terminalis (LT) consists of the organum vasculosum of the LT (OVLT), the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and the subfornical organ (SFO).
ACE expression was increased in the RVLM, PVH, choroid plexus, median preoptic nucleus, and organosum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
Cardiovascular and behavioral responses to circulating angiotensin require intact connectivity along the upper lamina terminalis joining the subfornical organ (SFO) with the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO). These results suggest a complexity of pre- and postsynaptic mGluRs are available to modulate rapid neurotransmission along the upper lamina terminalis from SFO to MnPO..
In c-fos-mRFP1 transgenic rats, 90 min after hypertonic saline ip administration, nuclear mRFP1 fluorescence was observed abundantly in brain regions known to be osmosensitive, namely the median preoptic nucleus, organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, and subfornical organ.
Twelve inner arachnoid membranes were identified in the supratentorial area: diencephalic, mesencephalic, medial carotid, intracarotid, intracrural, olfactory, medial and lateral lamina terminalis, and proximal, medial, intermediate, and lateral sylvian membranes. These membranes partially or completely separate the subarachnoid space into 9 supratentorial cisterns: sylvian, carotid, chiasmatic, lamina terminalis, pericallosal, crural, ambient, oculomotor, and interpeduncular.
The lamina terminalis was opened in 4 patients with third ventricular extension.
The WD-PR induced similar c-fos expression in the lamina terminalis, supraoptic nucleus, magnocellular PVN and lateral parabrachial nucleus in both CEAX and CEAs.
Released interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) reaching cerebroventricles stimulates circumventricular organs (CVOs; subfornical organ, SFO; organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, OVLT), the median preoptic nucleus (MePO), and magnocellular and parvocellular neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei.
We found that a small proportion of supraoptic magnocellular cells could be antidromically activated both from the neural stalk and from elsewhere in the hypothalamus, including the suprachiasmatic nucleus (8 cells of a total of 182) and the antero-ventral third ventricular region (AV3V; 4 of 182 cells) near the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
These organ-specific effects are mediated via a neural pathway that includes an angiotensinergic synapse, the lamina terminalis and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
TrueFISP was evaluated qualitatively (ventricular wall movement and CSF flow through ETV) and quantitatively [ distance moved (DMLT) during a cardiac cycle by the lamina terminalis]. There was no motion of the lamina terminalis (LT) detected on preoperative data.
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether neurons of the forebrain lamina terminalis (LT) mediated these changes in the RVLM. Interestingly, a subset of animals drinking 0.9% but with damage restricted to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis did not show enhanced responses to l-glutamate or gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Sites at which microinjection of NA elicited hypothermic responses were in the vicinity of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis including the median preoptic nucleus, whereas no thermal or metabolic response was elicited when NA was microinjected into the lateral POA or caudal part of the medial POA.
Endoscopic procedures performed were septum pellucidum fenestration and/or foraminoplasty in 5 patients, aqueductoplasty in 2, endoscopic third ventriculostomy in 5, fenestration of the lamina terminalis in 1, and direct cystocisternostomy in 1.
Controversy exists over whether microsurgical fenestration of the lamina terminalis during aneurysm surgery affords a reduction in the development of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. To resolve this debate, the authors performed a systematic review and quantitative analysis of the literature to determine the efficacy of lamina terminalis fenestration in reducing aneurysmal SAH-associated shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. METHODS: A MEDLINE (1950-2007) database search was performed using the following keywords, singly and in combination: "ventriculoperitoneal shunt," "hydrocephalus," "subarachnoid hemorrhage," "aneurysm," "fenestration," and "lamina terminalis." Additional studies were manually singled out by scrutinizing references from identified manuscripts, major neurosurgical journals and texts, and personal files. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review revealed no significant association between lamina terminalis fenestration and a reduced incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. Although the overall literature supports lamina terminalis fenestration, a number of authors have questioned the technique's benefits, thus rendering its efficacy in reducing shunt-dependent hydrocephalus unclear.
In pregnancy, relaxin from the corpora lutea, acting via the lamina terminalis in the presence of pregnancy levels of oestrogen and progesterone, stimulates vasopressin secretion and drinking, resulting in hypervolaemia and hyponatraemia.
OBJECTIVE: Fenestration of the lamina terminalis (LT) is an alternative means of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage during acute or emergency surgery of ruptured intracranial aneurysms in patients with high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Tail fiber activity increased promptly after GABA injections in two distinct regions: a rostromedial preoptic region (RMPO) centered around the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and a second region centered approximately 1 mm caudolaterally (CLPO).
Operative measures to decrease the incidence of vasospasm include clot removal, intracisternal injection of thrombolytics, fenestration of the lamina terminalis and local application of vasodilatory agents.
Different surgical approaches to and through the lamina terminalis (LT) have been proposed to treat pathologies of the anterior third ventricle.
Five general brain regions contained retrogradely labeled neurons: cerebral cortex (infralimbic and insular regions), rostral forebrain structures (subfornical organ, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, taenia tecta, nucleus accumbens, lateral septum, endopiriform nucleus, dorsal BST, substantia innominata, and, most prominently the amygdala--primarily its basomedial and central subnuclei), thalamus (central medial, intermediodorsal, reuniens, and, most prominently the paraventricular thalamic nucleus), hypothalamus (medial preoptic area, perifornical, arcuate, dorsomedial, parasubthalamic, and posterior hypothalamic nuclei), and brainstem (periaqueductal gray matter, dorsal and central superior raphe nuclei, parabrachial nucleus, pre-locus coeruleus region, NTS, and A1 noradrenergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla).
The lamina terminalis was chosen to study the pulsatility of the brain, and the optic recess diameter was chosen for means of objective quantification of the degree of pulsatility. RESULTS: Pulsatile motion of the lamina terminalis was apparent in all volunteers on the cine mode.
In both species, GnRH-1 cell bodies are predominantly in the medial septum region of the diagonal band or the preoptic area, with relatively few in the mediobasal hypothalamus; a dense concentration of GnRH-1-immunoreactive (ir) processes is present in the region of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
Analysis of GnRH neuronal numbers and positioning in the adult revealed a total loss of 24% of the neuronal network that was more striking (34%) when considered within specific anatomical compartments, with the largest deficit surrounding the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
Several lines of evidence implicate the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) as a downstream site of activation following binding of angiotensin II (ANG II) at the subfornical organ and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
The method described here reflects the combination of the frontal interhemispheric and trans-lamina terminalis approaches..
RESULTS: Our techniques of septum pellucidum fenestration, third ventriculostomy, lamina terminalis fenestration, temporal ventriculostomy, foraminoplasty of the foramen of Monro, aqueductoplasty, aqueductal stenting, and retrograde aqueductoplasty for trapped fourth ventricle are presented.
Dense aggregations of GnRH1-ir fibres are present in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the external zone of the median eminence.
The subfornical organ (SFO) and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) are circumventricular organs that express AT1Rs that bind blood-borne ANGII and stimulate integrative and effector regions of the brain.
Subpopulations of neurons in the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) located within the lamina terminalis contribute to thermoregulatory, cardiovascular and hydromineral homeostasis, and sleep-promotion.
Thermogenic, tachycardic, vasoconstrictive, and hyperthermic responses were elicited by the unilateral microinjection of 0.57-1.1 pmol PGE2 into the region adjacent to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis in urethane-chloralose-anesthetized rats.
Most reports of this neoplasm, focused on its distinct histological features, have hypothesized about a probable origin of the lesion at the third ventricle floor and/or the lamina terminalis. We report on a new case, presenting neuroradiological and intraoperative pictorial evidences of the tumoral attachment, limited to the chiasm-lamina terminalis junction. MRI investigation showed a large solid-cystic third ventricle mass bulging through the lamina terminalis and ventricular floor. After placing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, the tumor was completely removed through a trans-lamina terminalis approach. A tight tumoral attachment to the junction of the posterior chiasm to the lamina terminalis was identified and dissected. Preoperative neuroradiological suspicion of this lesion should alert the neurosurgeon about the presence of a tight tumoral adherence at the level of the chiasm-lamina terminalis junction. The trans-lamina terminalis approach provides a suitable route for an early control of this attachment under direct vision, allowing a safe dissection of the mass from the third ventricle..
Balloon inflation over a 3 h period following Furo-Cap treatment decreased Fos-ir in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the subfornical organ and increased Fos-ir in the lateral parabrachial nucleus and caudal ventrolateral medulla.
Cells exhibiting STC-1 binding sites were found throughout the lamina terminalis. Additionally, neurons of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, the dorsal and ventral components of the median preoptic nucleus and the rostral aspects of the subfornical organ exhibited dense STC-1 cytoplasmic staining.
In the brain, the presence of fenestrated endothelial cells is a feature of the circumventricular organs (except the subcommissural organ), among which the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis is located in the anterior part of the third ventricular floor that is lined by specialized ependymal cells known as tanycytes. These findings further strengthen the hypothesis that chordoid glioma may represent a peculiar clinicopathological subtype of ependymoma (chordoid ependymoma) originating from the lamina terminalis area..
Some circulating peptides, such as angiotensin II, atrial natriuretic peptide and relaxin, influence central neural pathways subserving cardiovascular and body fluid homeostasis by acting on neurons in the subfornical organ, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and area postrema, all of which lack a blood-brain barrier.
As a very rare finding, one of the aneurysms originating from the Anterior Communicating Artery was localized in the 3rd ventricle penetrating the lamina terminalis..
Interestingly, there were some early (P0) projections from the olfactory epithelium to the medial septal region and lamina terminalis (by the terminal nerve) and to olfactory tubercle and basal forebrain.
Recent publications have investigated the possibility that microsurgical fenestration of the lamina terminalis during aneurysm surgery may reduce the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and cerebral vasospasm. We reviewed a single-surgeon series to compare postsurgical outcomes of patients who underwent fenestration of the lamina terminalis against those who did not. The incidences of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, conversion from acute hydrocephalus on admission to chronic hydrocephalus, and clinical cerebral vasospasm were compared in patients who underwent fenestration of the lamina terminalis with those who did not. The patient cohort was thus divided into three subgroups: 1) patients whose operative records clearly indicated that they underwent fenestration of the lamina terminalis, 2) patients whose operative records clearly indicated that they did not undergo fenestration of the lamina terminalis, and 3) patients whose operative records did not indicate one way or another whether they received fenestration of the lamina terminalis. CONCLUSION: In contrast to other retrospective multisurgeon series, our retrospective single-surgeon series suggests that microsurgical fenestration of the lamina terminalis may not reduce the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus or cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
In both vehicle-treated and euhydrated rats, AM2-LI neurons were observed in the hypothalamus and brainstem, including in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, the median preoptic nucleus, the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, the arcuate nucleus, the locus coeruleus, the nucleus of the tractus solitarius and the nucleus ambiguus.
Even in mostly intraventricular cases, a transsphenoidal trans-lamina terminalis approach afforded complete resection.
Osmoregulatory regions of the brain [ hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, median preoptic nucleus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), and subfornical organ] showed an increased number of neurons exhibiting Fos-immunoreactivity in response to intraperitoneal hypertonic NaCl in both Agt-/- mice and WT mice.
The injections increased the numbers of c-Fos immunoreactive cells in the subfornical organ, median nucleus of preoptic area, organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis, paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus.
Neurons of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) are necessary for thirst and vasopressin secretion during hypersmolality in rodents. In addition, the number of Fos-positive cells along the lamina terminalis, including the OVLT, as well as the supraoptic nucleus and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, was similar between wild-type and TRPV1-/- mice after both acute and chronic osmotic stimulation.
After 2 days of infection, pseudorabies-positive neurons were identified within the thalamus and lamina terminalis. Rats injected with CTb in the dorsal midline of the thalamus and challenged with hypertonic saline had increased numbers of Fos/CTb double-positive neurons within the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), median preoptic nucleus, and insular cortex but not the subfornical organ.
We studied the role of lamina terminalis fenestration combined with cisternal blood evacuation in HGSAH. The microsurgical treatment included aneurysm clipping, cisternal blood evacuation, and fenestration of the lamina terminalis. lamina terminalis fenestration diminishes the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and, combined with extensive cisternal blood cleansing, can lower the incidence of stroke.
Unilateral microinjection of prostaglandin (PG)E(2) into a region immediately adjacent to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (peri-OVLT) in the preoptic area elicited thermogenic, tachycardic, cutaneous vasoconstrictive, and hyperthermic responses simultaneously in urethane-chloralose-anesthetized rats.
The suppression of panting in dehydrated sheep is mediated by cerebral osmoreceptors that are probably located in the lamina terminalis. We speculate that osmoreceptors in the lamina terminalis may also influence thermoregulatory sweating.
To date, the available evidence suggests that osmosensitive sites within the forebrain lamina terminalis, such as the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, are key elements that link plasma hypertonicity to elevated SNA. The major efferent target of osmosensitive regions in the forebrain lamina terminalis is the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH). Future studies are needed to: (i) define the contribution of various osmosensitive regions of the forebrain lamina terminalis to acute and chronic osmotically driven increases in SNA; (ii) identify the cellular mechanisms and neural circuitry linking plasma osmolality and SNA; and (iii) define whether such mechanisms contribute to elevated SNA in salt-sensitive hypertension..
The anterior commissure was in a low position in the lamina terminalis in 38%.
Immunoreactive contactin is most abundant in GnRH nerve terminals projecting to both the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and median eminence, implying GnRH axons as an important site of contactin-dependent cell adhesiveness.
Dynamic changes in GAD(67) mRNA levels were observed in young but not middle-aged females in two regions known to be important for LH surge induction, the rostral proeptic area in the region of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and in the ventral periventricular preoptic area.
The circumventricular organs are small sized structures lining the cavity of the third ventricle (neurohypophysis, vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, subfornical organ, pineal gland and subcommissural organ) and of the fourth ventricle (area postrema). Their particular location in relation to the ventricular cavities is to be noted: the subfornical organ, the subcommissural organ and the area postrema are situated at the confluence between ventricles while the neurohypophysis, the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis and the pineal gland line ventricular recesses.
By immunohistochemistry, we detected the active NF-kappaB subunit RelA in neuronal nuclei of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
(3) Opening of the lamina terminalis to gain slackness of "angry brain" and to insert an external ventricular drainage at the end of surgery for the intracranial pressure ICP registration and its regulation.
These structures include the circumventricular organs (organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, subfornical organ, area postrema), some of the ependymal cells along the wall of the ventricles, tanycytes in the third ventricle's ependyma and the median eminence, as well as in the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles.
Structures of the lamina terminalis (LT) sense and integrate information reflecting the state of body water and sodium content. Compared to sham-depleted animals there was a significantly greater number of Fos-/FG-ir double-labeled cells in the subfornical organ, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the median preoptic nucleus in rats that ingested NaCl.
nociceptin produced a significant increase in Fos staining in the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, the perinuclear zone of the supraoptic nucleus, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), the lateral preoptic area and the lateral hypothalamic area compared to control.
Ang II signaling is integrated with sodium-sensitive neurons in the SFO and/or organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and drives sympathetic premotor neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) via the paraventricular nucleus (PVN).
In the second case the hemorrhagic tumor was located in the anterior floor of the third ventricle and was removed by an anterior inter-hemispheric trans-lamina terminalis approach.
In birds, photostimulated within the photoinducibile phase (14 h), in contrast to before or after, c-fos mRNA was significantly increased in the nucleus commissurae pallii (nCPa), nucleus premamillaris (PMM), eminentia mediana (ME), and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT).
Our present understanding of the molecular, cellular and network basis that underlies the central control of osmoregulation is largely derived from studies on primary osmosensory neurones in the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) and effector neurones in the supraoptic nucleus (SON), which release hormones that regulate diuresis and natriuresis.
The present study investigates the influence of a chronic high Na+ diet (8% Na+) on the expression of the angiotensin type 1A (AT1A) receptor gene in the lamina terminalis and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) in normotensive Wistar (W) rats, as well as in Dahl salt-resistant (DR) and Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats.
The vascular organ of the lamina terminalis and subfornical organ showed sustained but diminishing activation over the 14-day period.
RESULTS: Our techniques of septum pellucidum fenestration, third ventriculostomy, lamina terminalis fenestration, temporal ventriculostomy, foraminoplasty of the foramen of Monro, aqueductoplasty, aqueductal stenting, and retrograde aqueductoplasty for trapped fourth ventricle are presented.
The median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) in the lamina terminalis receives a prominent catecholaminergic innervation from the dorsomedial and ventrolateral medulla. Bath applications of norepinephrine (NE; 20-50 microM) induced a prolonged and reversible suppression of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) and reduced paired-pulse depression evoked by stimulation in the subfornical organ and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis. Collectively, these observations imply that both presynaptic and postsynaptic alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in MnPO are capable of selective modulation of rapid GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission along the lamina terminalis and therefore likely to exert a prominent influence in regulating cell excitability within the MnPO..
Brains were subsequently processed for evaluation of Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-Li IR) in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), the subfornical organ (SFO), and the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO).
We show that extrinsically imposed increases in activity, evoked by brief stimulation of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, can either trigger bursts if given when a cell is silent, or stop bursts if given when a cell is active.
The number of Fos immunoreactive neurons was increased after 1 and 4 weeks in the nucleus of the solitary tract, both the caudal and ventral lateral medulla, and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
The results of dual-labeling studies established that the majority of neurons accumulating FG and also expressing VGLUT2 mRNA were located within the paraventricular, periventricular and supraoptic nuclei and around the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the preoptic area. These data suggest that neurosecretory neurons located mainly within the paraventricular, anterior periventricular and supraoptic nuclei and around the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the preoptic area secrete glutamate into the fenestrated vessels of the median eminence and posterior pituitary.
Expression of c-fos in paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic (SON) and organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT) nuclei, as well as plasma AVP concentration were increased at 6 h but reduced to basal levels 24 h after CLP.
Gpc-3 mRNA appears across the ventral neural tube, then in the lamina terminalis and hypothalamus.
For the patients with craniopharyngioma of inferior ventricular type, pterional approach was used in 191 (67.3%) patients, subfrontal approach in 17 (6.0%), and translamina terminalis through frontobasal interhemispheric approach in 53 (18.7%). For those with the tumors of superior ventricular type, transcallosal approach into the anterior third ventricle was done in 10 (3.5%) patients, and the lamina terminalis approach in 13 (4.6%).
In addition, we observed dense to moderate NEI innervation of areas related to reproduction, including the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and the median eminence.
In the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis and in the parvocellular subdivisions of the PVN we report a distribution of AT(1)-like-IR similar to that observed with other methods.
Indeed, despite ample evidence suggesting that the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) serves as the primary locus of the brain for the detection of osmotic stimuli, evidence that neurons in the OVLT are intrinsically osmosensitive has remained elusive.
Thus, the densities were higher in older infants in the preoptic area, lamina terminalis, and infundibular (IN) nucleus.
Immunoreactive fibers were found in the telencephalic, diencephalic and mesencephalic areas such as the dorsal cortex, nucleus accumbens, lamina terminalis, preoptic area, mediodorsal region of the supraoptic nucleus, subfornical organ, nucleus of the paraventricular organ, subcommisural organ and periventricular grey region.
Accumulating evidence suggests that structures within the lamina terminalis; the organum vasculosm of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and/or the subfornical organ (SFO); are required for the development of DOCA-salt hypertension.
The lamina terminalis consists of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and subfornical organ. The vlPOA and subdivisions of the lamina terminalis project to hypothalamic regions involved in the control of behavioral, electrographic or autonomic arousal, including the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We quantified c-Fos protein immunoreactivity (IR) in the lamina terminalis and vlPOA in sleeping and awake rats that received injections of retrograde tracer into either the LHA or PVN. Fos IR was also examined in lamina terminalis neurons following tracer injections into the vlPOA. Waking Fos IR was more prevalent in lamina terminalis neurons projecting to the PVN although a subset of MnPO projection neurons in sleeping rats was Fos-immunoreactive.
Lateral pterional, midline frontal through the lamina terminalis, transcallosal interforniceal approaches, endoscopic treatment through the foramen of Monro, disconnecting surgery, radiofrequency ablation, brachytherapy and gamma knife surgery (GKS) were all considered.
In both sexes, exposure to vinclozolin significantly increased calbindin expression in the ventral POA/AH and significantly decreased number of GnRH neurons selectively in the region of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) but not more caudally in the POA/AH.
Diagnostic imaging revealed a 1.5-cm oval lesion centered in the lamina terminalis region, an open craniotomy was performed, and evaluation of a biopsy sample demonstrated the mass to be a chordoid glioma of the third ventricle, a recently described glioma subtype.
A major sensory site for generating thirst is the lamina terminalis in the forebrain. Osmoreceptors within the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and subfornical organ detect systemic hypertonicity.
The male or its odor significantly increases the number and the proportion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone cells expressing Fos-immunoreactivity in the preoptic area and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, whereas no such induction of Fos-immunoreactivity was found in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons of ewes exposed to the female odor or the testing room.
Six TFs of GnRH neurons were found including the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT), preoptic recess (POR), hypothalamic recess (HR), lateral septum adjacent to the ventral horn of the lateral ventricle (SL-VLvh) associated with the choroid plexus, subseptal organ (SSO), and external zone of the median eminence.
Using sharp microelectrode recordings in a hypothalamic explant preparation, we found that HFS also generates LTP at functionally defined glutamatergic synapses formed between the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis and SON neurons.
Neuroanatomic, radiologic, and clinical evidence supports an anatomic origin for chordoid glioma from the vicinity of the lamina terminalis..
Twenty-two adult patients (mean age 48.9 years old), who underwent surgery via the anterior interhemispheric trans-lamina terminalis approach, were divided into three groups: Group I, the entire pituitary stalk was preserved (n = 2); Group II, the stalk was dissected distally from the tumor but ultimately sacrificed (n = 9); Group III, the stalk was not identified and was sacrificed (n = 11).
After 2 wk, there were significant decreases in AT(1) receptor mRNA and densities in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), subfornical organ (SFO), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN).
Isoproterenol significantly increased Fos IR in the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, the subfornical organ (SFO), and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, but had no effect on AT1 mRNA expression.
It was suggested that fenestration of the lamina terminalis (LT) during microsurgery for aSAH may be associated with a reduced rate of shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus (SDCH).
Recently, it was reported that fenestration of the lamina terminalis (LT) may reduce the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
Nonpregnant rats given LPS release interleukin (IL)-6, which causes nuclear translocation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), followed by a significant increase in core body temperature.
Consistent with a role in regulating preovulatory luteinizing hormone secretion, rostral projections from the AVPV contact gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons surrounding the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
Overall, GnRH-I mRNA expression was greatest in the nucleus commissurae pallii (nCPa) and around the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), with less expression observed in the nucleus septalis lateralis (SL), cortico-habenula cortico-septum area, and within the nucleus preopticus medialis.
The ventricular ependyma (especially in the third one), the subfornical organ, the area postrema, the rat pineal body (in part), and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis were marked by intense immunopositivity.
In both species, GnRH-ir cell bodies and processes are loosely distributed along the septopreopticoinfundibular continuum, with dense fiber aggregations in the region of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and median eminence.
OBJECTIVE: The neurosurgical approach through the lamina terminalis (LT) is a commonly used technique for management of the third ventricle region pathology. The aim of the presented study is to characterize the LT histologically, with special attention to the previously recommended area of LT fenestration and to the localization and structure of the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT).
Fos staining was significantly increased in the median preoptic nucleus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, supraoptic nucleus (SON), and magnocellular and parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (PVN), as well as the area postrema, nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL).
These areas included the subfornical organ, median preoptic nucleus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and paraventricular nuclei in the forebrain, and the tractus solitarius nuclei, lateral parabrachial nuclei in the hindbrain.
Immunoreactive perikarya were also observed in the dorsal ventricular ridge, the nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca, amygdaloid complex, septum and lamina terminalis. Other fibers were observed in the outer zone of the median eminence close to the portal vessels and in the septum, lamina terminalis, retrochiasmatic nucleus, deep layers of the tectum, periventricular gray and granular layer of the cerebellum.
We then monitored synaptically mediated responses of SON cells to stimulation of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT); this evoked a mixed response comprising an inhibitory component mediated by GABA and an excitatory component mediated by glutamate, as identified by the effects of bicuculline and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione applied to the SON by retrodialysis.
In other regions, immunoreactive cells are moderately stained (i.e., magnocellular nucleus of the posterior commissure, amygdaloid nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, lateral periaqueductal gray) or weakly stained (i.e., vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, hippocampus, inferior colliculus, reticular nucleus).
METHODS: We performed an extensive immunohistological study on the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO), the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the median eminence (ME) in frozen brain sections from healthy SJL mice and mice suffering from EAE.
The respective contribution of the vagus afferents and lamina terminalis, which conveys signals entering the brain through the forebrain circumventricular organs, has been investigated in rats subjected to a unilateral cervical vagotomy (UCV) or a unilateral lesion of the fibres running within the lamina terminalis (ULT) and projecting to the neuroendocrine hypothalamus. The results of the present study suggest that the postprandial activation of the brain requires the integrity of both the vagal- and lamina terminalis-associated pathways..
Surgery reliably reset the phase of the pineal gland and vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (VOLT) harvested from SCNX rats but had little effect on the phase of the OB.
The subfornicial organ and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis appear to be more vulnerable to the effects of SAH than the median eminence or area postrema.
Immunohistochemical treatment of mouse brain sections with anti-URP antibodies revealed numerous immunopositive fibres in the median eminence and vascular organ of the lamina terminalis as well as labelled cell bodies, mainly in the preoptic area.
These findings suggest that a significant population of MnPO-PVN neurones respond to osmotic and circulating Ang II stimulation and thereby represents a neural substrate through which neurohumoral inputs are integrated within the forebrain lamina terminalis..
The hypothalamic preoptic area and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) were collected 2 h after LPS injection.
Colocalization of GnRH and NK3R was also identified in fiber tracts converging within the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
The view that the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis is the major port of entry for pyrogenic cytokines has lost its dominant position.
In contrast, significant increases in the BBB leakage of sodium fluorescein, a much smaller molecule, were observed 1 and 2 days after the induction of colitis, in and around the circumventricular organs; the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, subfornical organ and median eminence of the hypothalamus.
Zic4 mRNA was first detected at low intensity at embryonic day (E) 9 and, by E10.5, expression was up-regulated in the dorsal midline of the forebrain with a strong, expanded expression domain at the boundary between the diencephalon and telencephalon, the septum, and the lamina terminalis.
The anteroventral third ventricular (AV3V) region encompasses several distinct neural structures, including the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, the median preoptic nucleus, the preoptic periventricular nucleus and the medial aspects of the medial preoptic nucleus.
Associated with the pressor response, the neuronal activity marked with c-fos was enhanced significantly in the fetal anterior third ventricle (AV3V) region (including the median preoptic nucleus and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis) in the forebrain, and in the area postrema, lateral parabrachial nucleus, nucleus tractus solitary, and rostral ventrolateral medulla in the hindbrain.
GnRH subtypes-immunopositive fibers and EGFP(+)/GnRH1 fibers were conspicuous in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median eminence, and surrounding the ependymal walls of the third ventricle and the aqueduct in the midbrain.
The method described here reflects the combination of the frontal interhemispheric and trans-lamina terminalis approaches..
The suprasellar dissection exposed the anterior communicating artery (ACom) complex, optic apparatus, pituitary stalk, lamina terminalis, third ventricle and pituitary gland.
In addition, the fetal organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the subfornical organ were activated.
INTERVENTION: A chronic subdural hygroma was evacuated, an encapsulated CSF cyst of the suprachiasmatic cistern was drained and the lamina terminalis incised resulting in a moderate control of pyrexia.
The lamina terminalis was severed by a horizontal knife cut through the anterior commissure to determine the effects of a disconnection of the subfornical organ (SFO) on drinking and Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-ir) in the rat brain in response to an intragastric load of hypertonic saline (5 ml/kg of 1.5 M NaCl by gavage). These findings strengthen the case for the presence of independently functioning osmoreceptors within the SFO and suggest that the structures of the lamina terminalis provide mutual inhibition during hypernatremia.
RESULTS: The distribution of GnRH-containing neurons throughout the preoptic area around the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis was studied following visualisation using immunohistochemistry.
Osmotic regulation of VP release is dependent upon afferents from the lamina terminalis region.
Previous studies have suggested that fenestration of the lamina terminalis (FLT) during surgery may be associated with reduced rates of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and vasospasm.
Radiologic examinations revealed a well-demarcated, partially cystic, enhancing mass at the level of the lamina terminalis.
Changes in the number of Fos-positive nuclei were measured in the PVN, median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), a circumventricular region showing anatomical connections with the PVN.
RESULTS: No c-Fos immunoreactivity (IR) was observed in animals undergoing GvHR in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), the locus coeruleus (LC), the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) or the central amygdaloid nucleus (Ce).
We studied cFos and FosB staining in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) in adult male rats after water deprivation (24 h, n = 11; 48 h, n = 12) and water deprivation with rehydration (22 h + water, n = 11; 46 h + water, n = 10).
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a principal fever mediator that induces hyperthermia when injected into the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the adjacent preoptic area of the hypothalamus (POA).
In those patients who underwent clip application of anterior circulation aneurysms, the lamina terminalis was systematically fenestrated.
NaCl injection resulted in rapid activation of the subfornical organ (SFO), organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), and periventricular regions and the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), then of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON).
Therefore, this study focused on changes in GAD(67) gene expression, a reflection of GABA synthesis, in two regions of the rostral preoptic area, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) during the oestrous cycle and with age.
Our research has focussed on the lamina terminalis and the manner in which osmotic and hormonal stimuli from the circulation are detected by neurons in this region and how that information is integrated with other neural signals to generate thirst. Our studies of osmoregulatory drinking in the sheep and rat have produced evidence that osmoreceptors for thirst exist in the dorsal cap of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and in the periphery of the subfornical organ, and possibly also in the median preoptic nucleus. Studies of human thirst using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques show that systemic hypertonicity activates the lamina terminalis and the anterior cingulate cortex, but the neural circuitry that connects sensors in the lamina terminalis to cortical regions subserving thirst remains to be determined.
Confocal laser microscopic analysis of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the external zone of the median eminence, the major termination fields for GnRH-secreting axons, demonstrated the frequent occurrence of VGLUT2 immunoreactivity in GnRH axon terminals.
Intracolonic TNBS induced c-fos mRNA expression in brain nuclei involved in the autonomic, behavioral, and neuroendocrine response to a stimulus (PVN, amygdala, locus coeruleus, parabrachial nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract) and in circumventricular organs (lamina terminalis, subfornical organ, area postrema).
The subfornical organ (SFO), median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), which are associated with the lamina terminalis, are important in the control of body fluid balance. Thus these studies implicate the osmosensitive regions of the lamina terminalis as possible targets for sex steroid effects on body fluid homeostasis..
In male and female rats, the tracer was injected around the vascular organ of lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus and medial preoptic nucleus, as well as in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus.
The lamina terminalis, located in the anterior wall of the third ventricle, is comprised of the subfornical organ, median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). The effects of lesions of the lamina terminalis, studies of immediate-early gene expression and electrophysiological data show that all three regions of the lamina terminalis are involved in osmoregulation.
Autoradiographic receptor binding studies demonstrated an increase in brain AT(1) expression in the subfornical organ and the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis in the 9% offspring.
Following treatment, three separate brain tissue dissections containing the majority of GnRH cell bodies, tenia tecta and medial septum (TT/MS), diagonal band of Broca/organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (DBB/OVLT), and preoptic area (POA), were analyzed for GnRH mRNA levels by RNase protection assay and terminal plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay.
GnRH-IR cell bodies were more abundant in the vicinity of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis than in the medial basal hypothalamus.
INTERVENTION: Patient 1 underwent a right frontal craniotomy, with a subtotal resection of the suprasellar mass through the lamina terminalis.
Three surgical approaches have been used, one lateral pterional, another midline frontal through the lamina terminalis and a third is a transcallosal interforniceal approach.
Cardiovascular and behavioral responses to circulating angiotensin require intact connectivity along the upper lamina terminalis joining the subfornical organ (SFO) with the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO).
In all animals, the signals that indicate ERalpha were detected in the medial preoptic area, the level of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Local osmotic stimulation applied to organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) or median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) excited MCNs.
Amongst those, the sensory circumventricular organs known to lack a tight blood-brain barrier such as the area postrema, the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis and the subfornical organ, as well as the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus showed intense nuclear STAT3 signals in the i.a.
Neural signals arising from osmotic and hormonal influences on the lamina terminalis may be integrated within the brain, with afferent information relayed from intrathoracic baroreceptors via the hindbrain to generate thirst..
This information is conveyed to specific areas of the central nervous system responsible for an integrated response, which depends on the integrity of the anteroventral region of the third ventricle, e.g., organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, and subfornical organ.
The present study investigates co-localization of AT(1A) receptor subtype and Fos protein in neuronal populations of the lamina terminalis (LT) that have been recruited during acute Na(+) and water depletion mediated by furosemide injections. Distribution analysis of Fos-ir neurons and AT(1A) receptor-expressing neurons performed consecutively to furosemide-induced Na(+) and water depletion indicated that double-labeled neurons (AT(1A) mRNA+Fos-ir) represented the majority (67%) of the neuronal population that expressed AT(1A) receptor in the rim of the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). Our results report a heterogeneous distribution of the neuronal populations that co-localize AT(1A) receptor and Fos protein in the lamina terminalis after an acute Na(+) and water depletion.
Experiments were done in the anaesthetized rat to determine the effect of activation of renal receptors following renal arterial occlusion (RAO) on the induction of c-fos in neurons of the lamina terminalis in the forebrain. Following RAO, fos labeled neurons were found in both the subfornical organ (SFO) and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
However, in contrast to mammals, we did not find evidence of IL1-RI receptors in medial or lateral pallial structures, paraventricular nucleus, areas homologous to the arcuate nucleus, the choroid plexus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis or the reticular activating system.
To test the hypothesis that osmosensitive mechanisms that originate in the region of the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) control ER-beta expression in the SON and PVN, animals were water deprived after electrolytic lesions were performed on the area anterior to the ventral third ventricle (AV3V). These data support the hypothesis that inhibition of ER-beta expression in the SON by osmotic stimulation is mediated by osmoreceptive neurons in the lamina terminalis..
Recently, data have emerged suggesting that chordoid glioma is a variant of ependymoma related to a specialised ependyma of the subcommisural organ or the lamina terminalis area. In case 1, a tumour (1.5 cm in diameter) in a 62-year-old man invaded the anterior-basal part of the third ventricle in the lamina terminalis region. Its relation to lamina terminalis or infundibular/median eminence area presumably reflecting tumour origin from the modified ependyma of circumventricular organs of the third ventricle is discussed..
The lamina terminalis (LT) contains three main regions, namely the subfornical organ (SFO), the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) and the vascular organ of the LT (OVLT).
After a hyperosmolar challenge, there was markedly reduced expression of c-FOS in the circumventricular organ, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, of trpv4-/- mice compared with wild-type mice.
The present study was carried out to investigate whether neural inputs from the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) to the MnPO are involved in the GABAergic modulation of NA release in the MnPO area using in vivo microdialysis techniques.
The precise mechanisms by which cytokines signal the central nervous system (CNS) are unknown, but possibilities include: 1) the direct entry of cytokine into the brain across the blood-brain barrier by a saturable transport mechanism: 2) the interaction of cytokine with circumventricular organs such as the orgnum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis [ OVLT] and area postrema, which lack the blood-brain barrier; and 3) activation of afferent neurons of the vagus nerve.
The organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the supraoptic nucleus (SON) are three hypothalamic structures involved in the osmotic and circadian control of neurohypophysial secretion.
The surgical approaches utilized included a frontal, parasagittal, transcallosal approach with the third ventricle being accessed using either the transforaminal or subchoroidal approach (n = 3); pterional, transsylvian (n = 1), and bifrontal interhemispheric (n = 2) approaches in which the third ventricle was accessed via the lamina terminalis.
The brain's three sensory circumventricular organs, the subfornical organ, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the area postrema lack a blood brain barrier and are the only regions in the brain in which neurons are exposed to the chemical environment of the systemic circulation.
The aim of this study was to determine, in conscious rats, whether elevated concentrations of circulating angiotensin II activate neurones in both the subfornical organ and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) that project to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST).
Orexin A (1.0 microg/side) injected into the rostral preoptic area (rPOA) at the level of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis had a stimulatory effect on LH release in EB-treated ovariectomized rats.
For the power-dominance drive, we propose that the primary signal is the CSF concentration of vasopressin, which is detected in two circumventricular organs, the subfornical organ and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
The tumor was partially removed via a trans-lamina terminalis approach.
This region includes the lamina terminalis, infundibular recess and median eminence, which corresponds to a tanycyte-rich area.
The incidence of postoperative hydrocephalus among patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent lamina terminalis fenestration was also reviewed. Two of 29 patients (6.9%) who survived subarachnoid hemorrhage required ventriculoperitoneal shunts despite lamina terminalis fenestration.
AT(1) receptors are found in several brain regions, such as the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, the lamina terminalis, lateral parabrachial nucleus, ventrolateral medulla and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), which are known to have roles in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and/or body fluid and electrolyte balance.
Histological inspection indicated that the infusion sites of the drugs in the AV3V had included areas such as the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, medial preoptic nucleus and periventricular nucleus.
Retrogradely labeled cells were also observed in the lateral septum, preoptic area, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, stria terminalis, subfornical organ, periventricular nucleus, anterior hypothalamic area, lateral hypothalamus, arcuate nucleus, and posterior hypothalamus.
It was absent in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis. PIN staining was present in neurons of the medial preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus, medial septum, and cortex, but not in the supraoptic nucleus, septohypothalamic nucleus, or organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
OBJECTIVE: A new ventriculostomy technique through the lamina terminalis is described. METHOD: Thirteen patients were operated on intracranial aneurysms and, during the procedure, had the lamina terminalis fenestrated. CONCLUSION: Third ventriculostomy through the lamina terminalis is a simple and easy technique that can be used as an alternative to conventional ventriculostomy.
These responses are largely due to osmosensing neurones in the forebrain lamina terminalis and hypothalamus and are critical elements in a control system that operates to restore body fluid osmolality.
These data support the conclusion that vasopressin producing neurons in the PVN and SON and autonomic areas within the lamina terminalis and hypothalamus are activated during diabetes and may contribute to the elevated levels of vasopressin and autonomic dysfunction during diabetes..
Previous investigations suggest that fenestration of the lamina terminalis during microsurgery for aSAH may be associated with a reduced rate of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. We report a retrospective analysis correlating fenestration of the lamina terminalis with decreased shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aSAH. We compared the rate of shunting in patients operated on by a neurosurgeon ("index neurosurgeon") who routinely fenestrated the lamina terminalis (>98% of his patients) with that in patients managed by 14 other neurosurgeons who rarely fenestrated the lamina terminalis (<5% of their patients) and by 6 interventional neuroradiologists. The total cohort was subdivided into two groups on the basis of surgical approach and microsurgical access to the lamina terminalis. Group A included frontosphenotemporal craniotomies, an approach in which the lamina terminalis is accessible, and Group B included other approaches in which the lamina terminalis is not accessible. This study design isolates the effect of fenestrating the lamina terminalis on the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. In Group B, in which the approach did not allow microsurgical fenestration of the lamina terminalis, there was no difference (P = 0.789) in the rate of shunting between the index neurosurgeon (10.0%) and other practitioners (13.2%). CONCLUSION: Fenestration of the lamina terminalis appears to be associated with a decreased incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus of more than 80% after aSAH.
PACAP was also present in cell bodies in the olfactory areas, in neocortical areas, in the hippocampus, in the vestibulo- and cochlear nuclei, in cell bodies of the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord and in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, in the subfornical organ, and in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
Nevertheless, taking into account its strikingly consistent anatomic localization, its unique histopathologic and immunohistochemical profile, in conjunction with the most recent and convincing ultrastructural arguments, we suggest that chordoid glioma of the third ventricle could be better classified as chordoid ependymoma of the lamina terminalis area..
In addition, immunoreactive fibres were observed in the septum, amygdala, lamina terminalis, supraoptic nucleus, nucleus of the paraventricular organ, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and interpeduncular nucleus.
Fibers were also found innervating other circumventricular organs such as the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, the subfornical and the subcommissural organs and the area postrema.
In 1 patient the cyst was excised through the subfrontal lamina terminalis approach.
Vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic fibers but not perikarya were found in the lamina terminalis (LT).
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA-positive cells were visualized by non-isotopic in situ hybridization histochemistry in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the preoptic area (POA) in gonadectomized juvenile female and male rats.
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